Best coding standards checklist for C# and ASP.NET

Before some time I have written a blog post about coding standard Why coding standards are important?. It was appreciated by lots of people and few people asked me whether do you have coding standard checklist or not? So Today, In this blog post I’m going to shared few link for coding standard checklist which I follow.

Aviva C# coding guidelines:

An awesome guideline for the C# 3.0,4.0 and 5.0. It’s very good and open sources. You can find that following link on code plex.

https://csharpguidelines.codeplex.com/

Do Factory do and don’ts for C#:

A great list of do and don’ts of C# coding standards that all we should follow.

http://www.dofactory.com/reference/csharp-coding-standards

Encodo C# Handbook:

It’s having so many coding standard and most of relevant to naming conventions and formatting. You can download that via following link.

http://code.msdn.microsoft.com/encodocsharphandbook/Release/ProjectReleases.aspx?ReleaseId=3352

Microsoft All one code framework:

I have been using this for a while. It’s an awesome library which display best practices how we can write code.

http://1code.codeplex.com/

There are lots others are also available but I think it’s if you follow and practice above mentioned resources your code will be perfect.

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Entity Framework Internals: Connection Resiliency

When you use cloud services to deploy your application and database it might be possible that transient connection will be a problem between database server and web servers. When you use on premise servers that uses the database server and web server on same data centre. When you use cloud there will be huge infrastructures and you never know where it is deployed even if it deployed on same data centre there will more connection like network load balancers etc. When you use cloud services that will be shared by lots of users which means its responsiveness can be affected by them. And your access to the database might be subject to throttling. Throttling means the database service throws exceptions when you try to access it more frequently than is allowed in your Service Level Agreement (SLA).

So in cloud service there will be transient problems which will be resolved in short period of time. So when you got such kind of errors then you can wait for some time and then you have retry. For that kind of operation Entity Framework provides connection resiliency feature.

The connection resiliency features must be configured for proper database services. It has to know which exceptions are likely to be transient problem and which exceptions are caused by our code. It has to wait for an appropriate amount of time between retries of failed operation. Also it has to try number of times before giving up.

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Quick Tip–How to get time difference in C#

Recently, One of the reader of this asked me about, how we can get time difference between two dates or two times? So I thought it will be a good idea to write a blog post about that. So that other use can also get benefit from that.

For that I have created sample console application like below.

using System;

namespace TimeDifferenceCSharp
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            DateTime firstDate = DateTime.Parse("12:50");
            DateTime secondDate = DateTime.Parse("10:40");

            TimeSpan difference = TimeSpan.Parse(firstDate.Subtract(secondDate).ToString());

            Console.WriteLine(difference.Hours);
            Console.WriteLine(difference.Minutes);
        }
    }
}

In above example, If you see it carefully I have taken two dates with different time. Then I have used subtract method DateTime class to find different of both and then I parse it to TimeSpan class. After that I have printed hours and minutes for  via Console.Writeline method.

Now let’s run this application. You will see output as following.



That’s it.Hope you like it.

You can find complete source code of this blog post at github on- https://github.com/dotnetjalps/TimeDifferenceInCSharp

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Quick tip- How to change menu bar letter style in visual studio 2013 and 2015

When Microsoft has introduced, Visual Studio 2012 with Upper case menu, There were so many reactions from the developers. So with Visual Studio 2013 Microsoft has provided that settings to Turn of capital letters for menu. I have just came to know that accidentally. You can find that settings in Tools->Options-General settings.



Once you check it. Upper case will turn off like below.



That’s it. Hope you like it. Stay tuned for more!.

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Entity Framework Internals: Private setters and private constructors

I have been heavily learning Domain Driven Design recently and In that there is a concept called “Anemic Domain Model” which we used to use in our project. In simple terms Anemic Domain Models are those classes that do not have any behaviour with them and most of created with properties. You can use them as container for your data from database. While Domain driven design is all about behaviours. So we need to make our models incorporate behaviours also which is called  “Rich Domain models”.

One of step to convert your Anemic Domain Models to Rich Domain Models is to create parameterised constructors. For example an Employee must have FirstName and LastName. So instead of doing validation at the insertion time on UI we should not allow Employee to be created without FirstName and Lastname. The only way to do this to make this properties setters private and assign value of those properties via parameters constructors like below.

public class Employee
{
        public Employee(string firstName, string lastName)
        {
            FirstName = firstName;
            LastName = lastName;
        }
            
        public int EmployeeId { get; set; }
        public string FirstName { get; private set; }
        public string LastName { get; private set; }
        public string Designation { get; set; }
}

Now, If you want to do DDD with any Object Relational Mappers there will be a problem as most of Object Relational Mappers create properties with public setters. Entity Framework is such a Object Relational mapper and I love to work with Entity Framework.

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Fluent Nhibernate : Create Table from Code(Class- CodeFirst)

Now days,  Convention over configured is more preferred and that’s why Fluent Nhibernate got more popularity Because with Fluent Nhibernate we don’t have to write and maintain mapping in xml. You can write classes to map your domain objects to your database tables. If you want to learn how we can do this with existing database and Fluent Nhibernate, I have also written a blog post about CRUD operation with Fluent Nhibernate and ASP.NET MVC . After writing this blog post I was getting a lots of emails about how we can create database from the Fluent Nhibernate as we can do same with Entity Framework Code First. So I thought it’s a good idea to write a blog post about it instead of writing individual emails.

How to create tables from class via Fluent Nhibernate:

To Demonstrate how we can create tables based mapping classes create we’re going to create a console application via adding new project like below.

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Entity Framework Internals: Enum Support

In .NET world, We all are using Enums in our code. It’s makes our code more readable then using hardcoded numbers of strings. Entity Framework 5.0 or higher version has support for Enums. In this blog post we are going to see how we can use Enums with entity framework.

We are going to create a console application to see how it’s works. I’m going to create a console application for the same.



After creating a application I’ve added Entity framework via Nuget package.

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Entity Framework internals :IEnumerable and IQueryable

Now days, Entity framework is one the most used ORM in .NET world. Still I can see lots of people confused with IQueryable and IEnumerable. If they dont' know what is difference between them then they are going to make mistakes .When you first look at it both looks same. But there are quite differences and If you don’t understands internals of it then it will impact your query performance also.

IEnumerable vs IQueryable:

Here is the basic difference between IEnumerable and IQueryable. When you write queries with IEnumerable it executes queries on Server and load data in memory and then filter data on client side. This will be a problem when you are fetching large amount of data. While IQueryable executes queries on server side with all filters and then load all data into memory.

Example:

Sound complex!. Let’s write a simple example to understand it better. I am going to create a simple table in database called student table.

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NSubstitute Introduction and Why I like it

Recently I am heavily learning Test Driven Development and Domain Driven design. As you know With TDD you need to have a mocking libraries. So after doing on research on internet they are three libraries available in Microsoft.NET development world which are quite mature.

1. Rhino Mocks
2. NSubstitute
3. Moq

I have gone through all of above three and then After doing research and I choose NSubstitute.

Why I Choose NSubstitute:

Following are the reasons why I have chosen NSubstitute.

1. It is super easy to use. I don’t have to write very complex lamda expressions to mock objects.
2. It works really fine with all framework of Test Driven Development
3. As it is super easy to use you need to write very less code to mock objects.
4. With other Visual Studio plugins like Resharper, Telerik Justcode its works perfectly and they are able to generate code for the same.
5. It’s got fluent syntax and very easy to understand.
6. It’s perfect for some one who is not mature enough for Test Driven Development.

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Shared project in Visual Studio 2015

Shared project is new feature that was added in Visual Studio 2013 update 2 but in visual studio 2015 it is coming by default. In this post we are going to learn about Shared Project and how it is different from class library.

Shared project in Visual Studio 2015:

Shared project is a new feature that is introduced with Visual Studio 2013 update 2 and it’s comes by default with Visual Studio 2015. So with shared project you can share your common code with any number of applications. You can use that in another project via adding project reference. So let’s see how we can use Shared project in multiple application.

To understand how Shared project works, I have create a blank solution like following.

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